Jumat, 30 April 2010

[E342.Ebook] Free Ebook The Cthulhu Mythos Encyclopedia, by Daniel Harms

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The Cthulhu Mythos Encyclopedia, by Daniel Harms

The third edition of this popular and extensive encyclopedia of the Cthulhu Mythos—updated with more fiction listings and recent material—this unique book spans the years of H. P. Lovecraft’s influence in culture, entertainment, and fiction. The expansive entries make this reference invaluable for anyone knowledgeable about the Cthulhu Mythos and a much-needed resource for those longing to learn about the cosmic horrors from past and present decades.

  • Sales Rank: #67600 in Books
  • Brand: Harms, Daniel
  • Published on: 2008-08-01
  • Released on: 2008-08-01
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 8.50" h x .80" w x 5.50" l, 1.05 pounds
  • Binding: Paperback
  • 402 pages

About the Author
Dan Harms is the author of several nonfiction articles on a variety of historical, occult, and esoteric topics, as well as several books, including The Necronomicon Files. He lives in Johnson City, New York.

Most helpful customer reviews

4 of 4 people found the following review helpful.
One glaring flaw to a great resource
By Thomas
The Cthulhu Mythos Encyclopedia is a great resource for fans of the Cthulhu Mythos, fans of the Call of Cthulhu RPG, fans of weird fiction, and fans of cosmic horror. There is a great amount of detail in the book on creatures, gods, and characters in the mythos. A listed bibliography and listed stories for each entry is great and helps expand a reader's suggested reading for the genre.

The book itself is a dense tome, and often reads like an academic work with no illustrations as well as keeping a large amount of entries down to a paragraph. There is an exceptional amount of entries, a great many are not works of Lovecraft himself but of other authors.

The biggest issue with this book is a lack of a Table of Contents, an index, or any way to find a particular entry quickly. For a dense 400 page book, this is a major hindrance and one that can't be overlooked.

0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
this book is highly recommended. The information in this book is great for ...
By DB Spitzer
This is a necessary resource for anyone serious about the Cthulhu Mythos. Whether you are a writer, gamer or an enthusiast of HP Lovecraft and other horrors, this book is highly recommended. The information in this book is great for creating plot hooks, or what stories to search for to learn more about a specific topic for further exploration.

Need to find out more about Ubbo-Sathla to write a time travel story about wizards?
Look up Ubbo-Sathla, find out that Clark Ashton Smith wrote Ubbo-Sathla, and that god is mentioned in the Book of Eibon. You'll find an appendices about the Necronomicon.
More importantly Dan Harms included a guide on how to handle and use others intellectual property from a non-legalistic standpoint, but more from a standpoint of being ethically creative while respecting to the continuity.

Somewhere in storage I have the second edition of this book, but I have a digital copy on my iPhone, laptop and desktop computer. For my podcast I find this to be a great resource.
Unfortunately I have occasionally ran across instances where Mr. Harms references a story that is no longer in print and hard to find(even after contacting the author or the story). That would be my only gripe. Otherwise this is wonderful, also I am happy that it is a book that covers literature as well as RPG source material due to the fact that the two have become intertwined in the last 30+ years. I am also thankful that the book doesn't rely on any goofy lovecraftian tricks, spooky typefaces or faux-aged paper. It's nice to have some people take this space monster business seriously.

3 of 3 people found the following review helpful.
Great CoC Mythos reference
By Bruce C.
It's a reference book on Cthulu Mythos. The Questions on the Amazon rating screen are for a novel or biography and completely irrelevant to a reference work. It's funny. They ask the same questions on a Roll Players Guide book. If you play CoC or just want to understand the world of H.P. Lovecraft and his collegues, this will help. It even has some explanations of how successive authors have changed or added to the mythos.

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Minggu, 25 April 2010

[H837.Ebook] Free PDF Duden, Redewendungen Und Sprichwortliche Redensarten: Worterbuch Der Deutschen Idiomatik (German Edition), by Inc Distribooks, Gunther Dro

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Duden, Redewendungen Und Sprichwortliche Redensarten: Worterbuch Der Deutschen Idiomatik (German Edition), by Inc Distribooks, Gunther Dro

This dictionary contains the common idioms of the German language. All entries are explained in an understandable way regarding to its meaning, origin and application. More than 10,000 firm idioms, phrases and proverbs. Written entirely in German.

  • Sales Rank: #755429 in Books
  • Brand: Brand: Bibliographisches Institut F.A. Brockhaus A
  • Published on: 1999-01
  • Original language: German
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 1.69" h x 5.28" w x 7.68" l,
  • Binding: Hardcover
  • 864 pages
Features
  • Used Book in Good Condition

Language Notes
Text: German

Most helpful customer reviews

2 of 2 people found the following review helpful.
The Authority on German Language
By Eileen
It's my favorite reference on the German language. I use it only occasionally, but it gives me critical answers that are hard to find anywhere else.

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Rabu, 21 April 2010

[J215.Ebook] PDF Ebook The Three Little Pigs (Keepsake Stories), by Patricia Seibert

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The Three Little Pigs (Keepsake Stories), by Patricia Seibert

In this beloved tale, the three pigs find out whose house really is the strongest when they each stand up to the big, bad wolf. Children will eagerly continue reading to see what will happen when the wolf shows up and tries to blow the pigs' houses over! Between the pages of the Brighter Child Keepsake Stories books are the classic tales of magic, imagination, and inspiration that will delight children again and again. From the hard-working Red Hen to the foolish Gingerbread Man, these stories will capture children's interest and spark their imagination page after page, inspiring a lifelong love of literature and reading.

  • Sales Rank: #145344 in eBooks
  • Published on: 2013-07-01
  • Released on: 2013-07-01
  • Format: Kindle eBook

From the Back Cover
Each little pig is confident that his house is the strongest. But the real question is, whose will survive the big bad wolf?Beautifully illustrated, this classic tale will capture children's interest and spark their imagination page after page, encouraging a love of reading that is vital to success in school and life.

About the Author

Patricia Seibert has written nonfiction and fiction for children. Her nonfiction books have received critical acclaim and have been recognized by the Junior Library Guild, the National Council for Social Studies, The Children's Book Council and the National Science Teachers Association. She currently lives in Ohio with her husband.

Most helpful customer reviews

36 of 41 people found the following review helpful.
A very nice version of a classic story
By Rita
Having bought other stories in the same series, I got the Three little Pigs in the Keepsake Classic series as well and I am not disappointed. I like the illustrations alot and the fact that the wolf is kinda drawn in a goofy, non-scary way. I think it is a really good version.....the only thing I found odd were the first 2 pages where the 3 pigs go out on their own...there is no explanation exactly what they mean but there is a picture of what looks like their parents saying good bye and waving a hankie ..I am sure this is to explain why exactly these 3 pigs even NEED to make a house each.... but it doesn't really cut it.....My 3 year old asked me WHY they had to go away and leave their Mommy and I said " Cuz they are all grown up"....I don't know - I guess what I am trying to say is that maybe the story line could have explained this alittle better to go with the illustration...saying something about 3 little pigs who grew up to be big and strong and one day decided to make houses all their very own...I know its a kids book but still I found the first 2 pages kinda lame...a couple more sentences would have sufficed to exaplin exactly why all of asudden these three pigs were walking away joyfully from their parents who seem sad and are waving hankies...KWIM?
Other then that, I thought it was very nicely done.....

20 of 21 people found the following review helpful.
Good book for the traditional story
By Kindle Customer
This is a good book if you want the traditional story of the "The Three Little Pigs". Pictures are clear and story has the traditional wording. So, if you want the traditional story, this is the book to purchase.

9 of 10 people found the following review helpful.
Nice-not so scary for younger children
By Beth Braun
This is a nice rendition of a favorite story.
The pictures of the wolf are not so scary.
The pigs are also cute. Our two year old
would be scared if the characters looked
mean or threatening. The wolf even jumps
out of the boiling pot and runs away in the
end. Very nice.

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Jumat, 16 April 2010

[Z124.Ebook] Get Free Ebook Essential Tremor: The Facts (The Facts Series), by Mark Plumb, Peter Bain

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Essential Tremor: The Facts (The Facts Series), by Mark Plumb, Peter Bain

Essential Tremor is the most common movement disorder in the world, and affects between 4 and 40 people per 1000 of the population amongst all ethnic groups. Characterised by shaking hands, this disorder can affect the head, voice and legs, and is often made worse by physical and emotional stress. Essential Tremor: The Facts provides a comprehensive guide to understanding this disorder and minimising its impact upon the lives of sufferers, their friends and families. It begins with a close look at what essential tremor is and how it should be diagnosed, as well as details on who gets the disorder, the causes, and how it affects sufferers day-to-day lives. Current treatment options are covered, along with patient advice on how to cope with the stigma of essential tremor, as well as the disability and social handicap it invokes. The book concludes with a chapter on the future and prospects of a potential cure.

  • Sales Rank: #656579 in Books
  • Published on: 2006-12-28
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 5.00" h x .30" w x 7.70" l, .42 pounds
  • Binding: Paperback
  • 176 pages

Review

"The authors give a comprehensive overview of ET in a clear and understandable way. The book is well written and focuses on all relevant aspects of etiology, diagnosis and therapy of ET and therefore may be beneficial both for patients and caregivers."--European Neurology


About the Author
Mark Plumb is a geneticist who has had Essential Tremor since childhood. He has a career in cancer research, concentrating on genetics in radiation-induced leukaemia. Peter Bain is an international authority on tremor, movement disorders and deep brain stimulation.

Most helpful customer reviews

11 of 11 people found the following review helpful.
Great Resource
By J. Lanford
I've had ET since I was a very small child - I'm in my mid thirties now. This is the best source of information for ET that I have ever seen.

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The Content Trap: A Strategist's Guide to Digital Change, by Bharat Anand

“As Bharat Anand shows in this eminently readable book, connections are now more important than content.”—Daniel H. Pink, author of Drive and To Sell Is Human

Harvard Business School Professor of Strategy Bharat Anand presents an incisive new approach to digital transformation that favors fostering connectivity over focusing exclusively on content.

Companies everywhere face two major challenges today: getting noticed and getting paid. To confront these obstacles, Bharat Anand examines a range of businesses around the world, from The New York Times to The Economist, from Chinese Internet giant Tencent to Scandinavian digital trailblazer Schibsted, and from talent management to the future of education. Drawing on these stories and on the latest research in economics, strategy, and marketing, this refreshingly engaging book reveals important lessons, smashes celebrated myths, and reorients strategy.

Success for flourishing companies comes not from making the best content but from recognizing how content enables customers’ connectivity; it comes not from protecting the value of content at all costs but from unearthing related opportunities close by; and it comes not from mimicking competitors’ best practices but from seeing choices as part of a connected whole.

Digital change means that everyone today can reach and interact with others directly: We are all in the content business. But that comes with risks that Bharat Anand teaches us how to recognize and navigate. Filled with conversations with key players and in-depth dispatches from the front lines of digital change, The Content Trap is an essential new playbook for navigating the turbulent waters in which we find ourselves.

Praise for The Content Trap

“As Bharat Anand shows in this eminently readable book, connections are now more important than content. His insights will bring you several steps closer to understanding the digital revolution and how you can avoid its many perils.”—Daniel H. Pink, New York Times bestselling author of Drive and To Sell Is Human

“This book is a clarion call for creativity and imagination in strategy development. I measure the success of a business book by my desire to share it with colleagues. After reading The Content Trap, I want all of my former colleagues at The New York Times to read it.”—Martin Nisenholtz, former CEO, New York Times Digital; Professor of the Practice of Digital Communication, Boston University

“Bharat Anand thinks both globally and functionally: our group and I have learnt a lot from him over the years.  He has provoked us to shape ideas in new ways. That is what you will experience when you read The Content Trap.”—Koos Bekker, chair of Naspers, global internet group

“In my professional life I have seen audiences’ relationship with movies, television programming and music be radically transformed by the digital revolution. Bharat Anand’s book is invaluable in its analysis of how this change has affected the media space and in particular how consumers relate to the content that we are creating. It helps to explain what has happened and also provides insights as to what we might expect. I thoroughly recommend it.”—Michael Lynton, chairman and CEO, Sony Pictures Entertainment

“A very smart book—creators, ignore this at your peril. This revolution has been twenty years in the making, and Bharat Anand makes the past (and the future) a lot more clear.”—Seth Godin, New York Times bestselling author of Meatball Sundae and Linchpin

  • Sales Rank: #13053 in Books
  • Published on: 2016-10-18
  • Released on: 2016-10-18
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 9.50" h x 1.30" w x 6.40" l, 1.25 pounds
  • Binding: Hardcover
  • 464 pages

Review
“As Bharat Anand shows in this eminently readable book, connections are now more important than content. His insights will bring you several steps closer to understanding the digital revolution and how you can avoid its many perils.”—Daniel H. Pink, New York Times bestselling author of Drive and To Sell Is Human

“This book is a clarion call for creativity and imagination in strategy development. I measure the success of a business book by my desire to share it with colleagues. After reading The Content Trap, I want all of my former colleagues at The New York Times to read it.”—Martin Nisenholtz, former CEO, New York Times Digital; Professor of the Practice of Digital Communication, Boston University

“Bharat Anand thinks both globally and functionally: our group and I have learnt a lot from him over the years.  He has provoked us to shape ideas in new ways. That is what you will experience when you read The Content Trap.”—Koos Bekker, chair of Naspers, global internet group

“In my professional life I have seen audiences’ relationship with movies, television programming and music be radically transformed by the digital revolution. Bharat Anand’s book is invaluable in its analysis of how this change has affected the media space and in particular how consumers relate to the content that we are creating. It helps to explain what has happened and also provides insights as to what we might expect. I thoroughly recommend it.”—Michael Lynton, chairman and CEO, Sony Pictures Entertainment

“Bharat Anand offers a fresh look on how and why organizations are winning and losing in the digital world—and it is not for the reasons we so often hear. The Content Trap is brimming with fascinating examples, applied theory, and new insights that go beyond the hype and reveal the dynamics that are crucial for all organizations aiming to succeed in today’s increasingly digital environment. It is a must-read for all leaders interested in devising strategies and building organizations that can thrive in the future.”—Jeff Bradach, managing partner and co-founder, Bridgespan Group

“The Content Trap by Bharat Anand is a must-read for anyone entering the digital age of business. It corrects common misperceptions that are based on assumptions rather than fact-based research. Filled with anecdotes and case studies, it will free you from making mistakes that others have learned from. It is a page-turner.”—Deepak Chopra

“Bharat Anand has written the rarest of books, one that combines deep strategic insight with great practical impact. The Content Trap is both a delight to read and the essential book for understanding today’s digital revolution. In the process, Anand debunks the conventional wisdom time and time again; his insights are sharp, perceptive, and strikingly original.”—David Garvin, C. Roland Christensen Professor of Business Administration, Harvard Business School

“The Content Trap by Bharat Anand is a rare book that is both extremely personal, because of what Harvard University—where he teaches—is being forced to acknowledge in the rise of digital education platforms, and simultaneously academic, because of the extensive, real-life examples he has accumulated to illustrate smart theories around the dilemmas and challenges we all confront in this era of endless digital-led transformation. It is a must-read for those who think about digital, live it, and are willing to embrace the challenges and opportunities that it brings to everything we do.”—Raju Narisetti, SVP, Strategy, News Corp., former managing editor of The Wall Street Journal Digital and The Washington Post

“A very smart book—creators, ignore this at your peril. This revolution has been twenty years in the making, and Bharat Anand makes the past (and the future) a lot more clear.”—Seth Godin, New York Times bestselling author of Meatball Sundae and Linchpin

“‘Content is king’ may once have been true, but favoring content over connections will only get you dethroned today. In clear and compelling prose, Anand shows us how to lay the strategy groundwork to thrive in an increasingly connected world. Understanding the content trap is the true solution to your digital dilemma!”—Barry Nalebuff, Milton Steinbach Professor, Yale School of Management, co-author of Why Not? and Co-opetition, and co-founder of Honest Tea

“From one of the clearest forward-looking thinkers I’ve met in more than three decades in media and entertainment, The Content Trap contradicts much of the conventional thinking about media strategy in the digital age. Rather than considering content vs distribution, or aggregation vs targeting, among other perceived and hotly debated tradeoffs, Bharat Anand’s illustrative case stories help us to see the much larger playing field across diverse but related industries revolving around technology, information and media.”—Phil Kent, former CEO, Turner Broadcasting

“I love this book. In an extremely approachable way, Bharat Anand makes it clear that in a world of almost unlimited access to content, connections matter more these days. I have spent most of my career in education and now I get to see, and help, universities work to put connections at the center of the learning experience. The surprising part about HBX is not just that the experiment is leading to fantastic student outcomes, but that this was created by Harvard Business School itself. Successful incumbents are not supposed to innovate. It just doesn't happen. Anand tells the compelling story of how they avoided the content trap many in education haven’t been able to avoid.”—Chip Paucek, co-founder and CEO, 2U

About the Author
Bharat Anand is the Henry R. Byers Professor of Business Administration at Harvard Business School. He graduated magna cum laude with a B.A. in economics from Harvard University and received his Ph.D. in economics from Princeton University.
 
Professor Anand is an expert in digital and corporate strategy. He has studied how new technologies affect what we watch, read, and hear, and how companies navigate digital change. He has written more than fifty articles and case studies, received awards for his research and case-writing, and chaired various executive education programs. He is a two-time winner of the “best teacher award” at Harvard Business School.
 
Anand has advised leading organizations and entrepreneurs around the world. Recently, he helped create Harvard Business School’s digital learning initiative, HBX, which he now oversees as faculty chair.

Excerpt. © Reprinted by permission. All rights reserved.
1

A Tale of Two Geographies

Scandinavian Warriors

Norwegian winters start early. November 12, 2001, was another frigid arctic day in Oslo, with temperatures below zero. Inside the modest redbrick headquarters of the Scandinavian media publisher Schibsted, there was a distinct chill as well. Schibsted’s board was convening to determine the future of CEO Kjell Aamot.

During the previous two years the company’s main newspapers, Aftenposten and VG, had seen revenue declines as Web competitors siphoned off readers and advertisers. Schibsted’s own online operations, started more than six years earlier, were growing but had little to show for themselves—­investments far outpaced returns. And the recent bursting of the Internet bubble had seen Schibsted’s stock crash and then languish. Aamot later summarized the situation with customary candor:

Everything was going wrong. We saw major loss-­making initiatives all over the place—­seven years of losses. When the bubble burst, we had a loss of approximately $200 million in Norwegian kroners and that was a huge loss for us. That was absolutely my responsibility. The board of directors very much felt we should close down some activities. Most members were of the opinion that I should resign.

Ultimately, it was only the support of Schibsted’s main shareholder, Tinius-­Nagell Erichsen, that allowed Aamot to continue. But the crisis shook the company’s senior managers, resulting in greater pressure to clarify their Internet strategy.

As a print-media firm struggling to reckon with the threat of the Internet, Schibsted was not alone. Hundreds of newspapers around the world were engulfed in a digital wildfire. That year The New York Times announced cuts of up to 9 percent of its workforce; between 2001 and 2006 it lost more than half its market value, and by 2012 the loss was more than 75 percent. The Washington Post shed 23 percent of its newsroom, and similar cuts occurred at The Boston Globe. Articles with titles such as “Who Killed the Newspaper?” (The Economist, 2006) and “Mourning Old Media’s Decline” (The New York Times, 2008) cropped up everywhere.

But as these events continued to unfold, something strange was happening back in Oslo. Starting in 2003, Schibsted began to make money on its online operations. A little at first—­and then more and more. By 2006 the publisher’s online operations accounted for 35 percent of operating profits. In a stunning reversal of events, Schibsted had, first shakily but then unmistakably, turned around. The Economist noted that while 2005 had been “miserable” for most newspaper companies in the Western world, Schibsted’s performance was “a rare exception,” making it one of the only newspapers to have turned online into a profitable business. In 2011 Schibsted declared operating profits on its online businesses of roughly $220 million—­nearly 60 percent that of the entire group.

Chinese Virtual Giants

Six thousand miles southeast of Oslo lies Shenzhen, one of China’s  fastest-growing cities. Three decades ago it was a farming and fishing village with a few thousand people. Today it is an eleven-­million-­person metropolis. Most of its growth was triggered by the creation of a Special Economic Zone in 1979. Shenzhen is now a manufacturing hub, the financial center of southern China, and the home of companies with globally recognized brands, like Huawei and ZTE. Despite this engineered growth, the most famous company headquartered there arose from homegrown entrepreneurs Pony Ma and Zhang Zidong.

In 1998 these two young computer science graduates of Shenzhen University started a company to take advantage of China’s Internet boom. Tencent began operations uneventfully, engaging in service work for local telecom operators and paging centers. Like many other local start-­ups, its main approach to product development was to copy from the West.

It did so well: Its first product, the free instant messaging (IM) service OICQ, was a near-­perfect replica of AOL’s ICQ (an acronym for “I Seek You”). In addition to an easy-­to-­navigate communications platform, OICQ offered useful add-­on features such as chat rooms and a mobile service. Within three years the service, renamed QQ, was the leading IM provider in China, with more than 50 million users. The entry of copycat providers did nothing to slow it down.

Instant messaging is a business that’s very hard to monetize. Many have tried—­and failed. And Tencent launched at the same time as hundreds of other Chinese start-­ups. But while most of those ventures struggled, Tencent’s offerings grew from instant messaging and its associated iconic penguin mascot to an impressively broad suite: a social networking site, a news portal, a mobile platform, single-­ and multi-­player games, and a microblogging service. Its most recent product, WeChat, was a mobile app that combined voice chat (similar to Skype), photo sharing (similar to Instagram), social network features (similar to Facebook), e-­commerce capabilities (similar to Amazon), group messaging, and walkie-­talkie features into a single offering—­for free. By 2015 Tencent’s products and services were used by more than a billion Chinese, who accessed them through mobile phones, personal computers, and Internet cafés.

Like many e-­commerce sites, Tencent gave consumers the ability to purchase clothes, pets, guns, and food, but with one important caveat: All Tencent’s products were virtual goods existing only in the online world and purchased predominantly with the firm’s virtual currency—­“Q coins.” Against this make-­believe backdrop, Tencent’s financial strength was hardly imaginary. In 2015 revenue neared $16 billion—­similar to Facebook’s and more than three times as much as LinkedIn’s and Twitter’s combined. In April 2015 the firm’s market capitalization passed $200 billion, making it the fourth most valuable Internet firm in the world, behind Google, Facebook, and Alibaba.

How does a Scandinavian newspaper company find lucrative revenue streams online when everyone else is struggling? How did Tencent overcome the brutal odds of starting as a free IM product and then translate its advantage there into numerous product categories over the next fifteen years? How does it get users to pay for products that exist only in an imaginary world? And what generalizable lessons can we draw from these examples?

On the face of it, the stories of Schibsted and Tencent could not be more different. One firm resides in a Western developed economy, the other in an Eastern emerging market. One exemplifies traditional media, the other was a digital start-­up. One is run by executives with more than thirty years of experience in media, the other by thirty-­somethings who’ve never known anything but the Internet. But the stories are inextricably linked.

The link isn’t the superior quality of products or the ability to innovate and bring new offerings to market first. The link is the ability to recognize and manage connections across users. This principle—­user connections—­is a critical concept for media, technology, and Internet organizations. But few get it right.

To unpack the concept, let’s start by returning to newspapers.

2

The Real Problem  with Newspapers

Newspapers seem to be a dying breed. The common reason given is clear: “Readers are migrating online!” And why wouldn’t they? Online news is mostly free. It is accessible anytime, anywhere. It is updated frequently. It can be personalized. It is interactive and searchable. It’s hard to think of another product where the digital version seems so vastly superior. Clearly, these factors are the reason for the havoc wreaked on the news industry.

Except that they aren’t. The real story is different.

Figure 2 shows the steady decline over time in U.S. newspaper readership by household.

The decline is sobering and perhaps unsurprising in light of the Internet. But now consider the same data again with dates filled in (Figure 3):

The drop in readership can’t be pinned on digital alternatives; it’s been under way for sixty years.

It began with the introduction of radio—­and free news bulletins—­during the 1950s, continued with the launch of television broadcast networks in the 1960s, and then persisted with the introduction of cable TV and 24/7 news channels during the 1980s. But the central point remains the same: The impact of the Internet on newspaper readership is empirically indistinguishable from the factors that came before.

The real reasons for the newspaper problem lie elsewhere.

One factor is the cost structure of a typical newspaper. Most of a newspaper’s costs are what economists call “fixed costs”—­borne regardless of the number of readers. These are the costs of staff journalists, printing facilities, and administrative and distribution overhead—­all the things needed to write, print, and deliver the paper to your door. Fixed costs are terrific during periods of growth—­increase your readership by a few thousand and revenue goes up while fixed costs remain the same, so you can spread these costs over more users. For the same reason, they are devastating during periods of decline—­lose just 3 percent of your readers and the revenue drop goes directly to your bottom line.

At first glance, fixed costs offer an explanation for why newspapers have suffered during the Internet era—­but do they really? Although per-­household readership declined during the 1950s, ’60s, and ’70s, overall population grew; then when population growth slowed beginning in the 1980s, so did aggregate newspaper readership. Even then, things weren’t so bad: Many newspapers increased their prices, offsetting the decline in readership. For the top twenty-­five newspapers, prices increased by an average of 50 percent in real terms during the past two decades, causing circulation revenues to increase between 1994 and 2012, even as readership fell. So fixed costs aren’t the culprit; it must be something else.

That brings us to a subtler but far more important problem, one that has to do with connections, not content or cost structure. It relates to how newspapers structure advertising.

Most newspapers contain two kinds of advertising: retail ads (the near-­full-­page ads for Macy’s on page three of The New York Times) and classifieds (the car ads, job listings, and real estate ads tucked away in the back sections). While retail advertising increased slightly between 1994 and 2008, classified advertising fell by 20 percent. The differences were even starker since the year 2000, when newspaper revenues reached their peak. From 2000 to 2010, fully 74 percent of classified advertising revenue disappeared from U.S. newspapers—­nearly double the decrease in retail advertising, which was 39 percent.

The decline in classified advertising isn’t, by itself, surprising. It’s the difference in revenue declines between classifieds, retail advertising, and news circulation that’s striking. All three were vulnerable to the same threats from online offerings: real-­time updating, better searchability, greater variety, richer media formats, anytime-­and-­anywhere access, lower prices. Yet classifieds declined much more sharply. The table below summarizes this puzzle:

Table 1. The Online Threat for Different Parts of a Newspaper

NewsClassifieds

Real-­time updatingyesyes

Easier to searchyesyes

Greater varietyyesyes

Video formatyesyes

Anytime-­anywhere accessyesyes

Lower pricesyesyes

Revenue declinessmallmassive

Why would classified revenue alone go into free fall whereas circulation revenues did not? The answer lies in user behavior.

A reader goes to the news site that offers the best news for her. But a classifieds “buyer” goes to where the most listings are. In the first case, the purchase decision is based on content quality and features. In the second, it is based first and foremost on the number of advertisers listing their wares.

This simple difference has profound implications. While the economics of news depends on attracting readers one by one, the economics of classifieds is about connections between buyers and sellers. These come from “positive feedback loops,” or as they’re often referred to, a “network effect”: The more listings you have, the more buyers you attract, who in turn attract more listings. So while the decision to read print versus online news is made one reader at a time, the decision to go to a print versus an online classifieds site is determined by the choices of many.

As a result, engage in a news battle and you are competing tooth and nail for every new reader in the market—­no matter how big you are. Engage in a classifieds battle and positive feedback loops generate greater and greater market shares for the leader, such that it eventually wins the entire market.

This means that Google, CNN.com, news blogs, and all the rest weren’t the real problem for newspapers. In fact readers are migrating to online news very slowly. Average weekly print readership for The New York Times declined by 7 percent from 1994 to 2006 (the first thirteen years of the Internet era)—­an average of just 0.5 percent a year. Incorporating figures from 2008 to 2011, a period including the worst recession in eighty years, raises the figure to roughly 1.5 percent. In other words, just one or two of every 100 print readers of the Times defected every year during the Internet era. Other major papers had similar results.

The real culprits were sites such as Monster.com, Craigslist, and Trader Online. Although the Internet changed many things for news—­production and distribution costs, ease of search and access, and price—­the feedback loop for classifieds was unaltered. Feedback loops—­in particular, the winner-­take-­all effect of classifieds—­were the reason most towns in America had only one paper: it wasn’t that only one outlet in every town knew how to produce the news. And they were the reason that once classifieds started moving online, they moved very rapidly.

Go to any conference on the future of news and you’ll hear calls for greater subsidies for news organizations because of the increasingly fierce digital threat. Understand the classifieds dynamic, however, and you’ll see that the real problem is that newspapers were always subsidized—­until recently. The Internet didn’t kill news; it destroyed the classifieds subsidy. Where news organizations went wrong was not in failing to deliver faster, cheaper, better news online—­to believe that is to fall into the Content Trap—­but in failing to protect the classifieds subsidy or to profitably manage its migration online. Papers were beaten to the punch in capturing user connections in the digital arena.

Miss that connection, as most newspapers did, and no matter how robust or creative your online news strategy, you would be trying to solve the wrong problem. Recognize that connection, as some companies did—­a story we’ll return to shortly—­and the payoff can be spectacular.

Most helpful customer reviews

0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
It's brilliant. Very simple in its fundamental concepts
By Amazon Customer
This is a book that basically explains everything you need to know about the digital revolution over the last twenty years -- and to understand what's about to happen next. I didn't fully know what to expect picking it up -- it is long, and I did not know if I would understand all of it. But I work in media, and deal a lot with digital content, so I thought I'd try it out.

It's brilliant. Very simple in its fundamental concepts, but the applications and inside knowledge Anand has into companies like the New York Times, The Economist, Random House, Amazon, Wal-Mart, cable companies...is unbelievably insightful. I feel like most digital change books are about marketing or the top "five hotest tips" and they don't last long. This one is different. It's as much a history book as anything else, and gives so much more perspective on the mega-shifts that have happened and are happening to some of the most major companies out there. It's very much still an ongoing change to digital thinking, but, when you strip away all the hype, understanding the full arc of how we got here makes what is going to happen next seem a lot more clear.

All in all, highly recommend. You'll really never see the companies we buy from, the media and newspapers we watch, or your own power to create connections and change the world the same way again.

Bharat is a brilliant teacher at HBS. This book is your chance to take a dive into his top lessons.

0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
A FANTASTIC book with insights relevant to anybody buying, selling, or consuming in the digital age
By Boston Irish
It's hard to believe that it's taken so long for somebody to cogently bring together what has happened in the digital space over the last few decades and what that history tells us about how to navigate the same space in the future. This book is imminently readable but has s depth that few other publications do. I especially liked the use of real-world examples (perhaps a vestige of Professor Anand's experience using the case method as a professor at Harvard Business School?) to illustrate concepts and give insights about what to do -- and, perhaps more importantly, what NOT to do -- as you consider the best strategy for your organization in a world where content is ubiquitous but monetizing it is not. There are several interesting insights between the covers here and many are so counter-intuitive that without the thoughtful analysis presented by Mr. Anand, it's unlikely I ever would have considered them. The New York Times' strategy for charging for online and physical editions of their papers really stands out here (you have to read it - I can't do it justice in the small space here). I highly recommend this book for anybody who's company touches the digital realm. In other words, it's relevant for any business person.

0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
It's not about your product or service.
By CRogers
If you're in business, any kind of business, "The Content Trap" is a must read. Bharat Anand introduces new ways of viewing strategy, competition, and connections with customers in order to succeed in an environment of rapid change. He begins his strategy exercise by asking two fundamental questions: where will you play, and how will you win? Where you will play is no longer exclusively about product or service, but rather identifying connections that you have with your customers. How you win is about strengthening those connections and unlocking opportunities that protect and grow your core business. Significant opportunities may be imbedded in collateral businesses that are being underestimated or ignored in terms of their potential impact on your core business. "The Content Trap" will open your eyes to the realities of succeeding in today's business world by introducing examples of companies that have done a remarkable job of harnessing the power of connections.

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[Y527.Ebook] Ebook Imperceptible Harms and Benefits (Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy)From Springer

Ebook Imperceptible Harms and Benefits (Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy)From Springer

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Imperceptible Harms and Benefits (Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy)From Springer

Imperceptible Harms and Benefits (Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy)From Springer



Imperceptible Harms and Benefits (Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy)From Springer

Ebook Imperceptible Harms and Benefits (Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy)From Springer

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Imperceptible Harms and Benefits (Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy)From Springer

The papers collected here represent the most recent work on a much­ neglected problem in practical reasoning. It is the problem of imperceptible harms and benefits. It is perhaps better to characterize the problem as a collection of puzzles or paradoxes, since those who deny the existence (or possibility) of imperceptible decrements (or increments) face problems no less perplexing than those who affinn their existence. The puzzles and paradoxes combine very practical and pressing worries about our obligations to relieve starvation, mitigate suffering and conserve resources, with deep metaethical worries about the nature of practical rationality. I use these brief introductory pages to familiarize the reader with the basic set of problems examined in this collection. Most of us think that an action cannot be wrong if its effects are entirely and always imperceptible.· Jonathan Glover's fanciful example of the 100 armed bandits and the 100 Wlarmed tribesman clearly illustrates a deep worry with such moral reasoning.

  • Published on: 2014-04-30
  • Released on: 2014-04-30
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 9.25" h x .40" w x 6.10" l, .56 pounds
  • Binding: Paperback
  • 158 pages

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[Y527.Ebook] Ebook Imperceptible Harms and Benefits (Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy)From Springer Doc

[Y527.Ebook] Ebook Imperceptible Harms and Benefits (Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy)From Springer Doc

[Y527.Ebook] Ebook Imperceptible Harms and Benefits (Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy)From Springer Doc
[Y527.Ebook] Ebook Imperceptible Harms and Benefits (Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy)From Springer Doc